PTPRG (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, G)
2006-12-01 Cornelis P Tensen , Remco van Doorn AffiliationDepartments of Dermatology and Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Identity
HGNC
LOCATION
3p14.2
LOCUSID
ALIAS
HPTPG,PTPG,R-PTP-GAMMA,RPTPG
FUSION GENES
DNA/RNA
Description
The PTPRG gene is composed of 30 exons and is approximately 780 kb in size.
Transcription
The transcript length is 4338 bp. An alternatively spliced variant has been reported with a transcript length of 5655 bp.
Pseudogene
no pseudogenes have been reported.
Proteins
Description
Amino acids: 1445. Molecular weight: 162058 Daltons. The PTPRG gene belongs to the receptor class 5 subfamily of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family.
Expression
PTPRG is expressed in several tissues.
Localisation
Membrane. Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Function
Involved in regulating signaling through ligand-controlled protein tyrosine dephosphorylation. The protein contains an extracellular carbonic anhydrase-like and fibronectin type III-like domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic region with 2 tandem catalytic tyrosine phosphatase domains. Y2H, animal models.
Homology
PTPRG shares a PTP domain, involved in dephosphorylating phosphorylated tyrosine residues, with the other receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatases. The PTPRG gene is conserved in vertebrates. The human and mouse (1442-amino acid) sequences share 95% identity at the amino acid level.
Mutations
Germinal
No germline mutations have been reported.
Somatic
8 different missense mutations in the PTPRG gene have been identified in colon carcinomas: C1082T (T361M), C1385T (A462V), C1541T (T514M), C1777T (R593W), A2864G (E955G), A2918G (Y973C), C3934T (R1312W) A3976G (I1326V).
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of a region which includes the PTPRG locus has been shown in clear renal cell carcinoma, lung carcinoma and colon carcinoma.
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of a region which includes the PTPRG locus has been shown in clear renal cell carcinoma, lung carcinoma and colon carcinoma.
Implicated in
Note
PTPRG has been considered a potential tumor suppressor gene based on its function, antagonizing activity of protein tyrosine kinases that often function as oncoproteins. Secondly, because it maps to a region of human chromosome 3, 3p21, that is frequently deleted in renal cell carcinoma and Lung carcinoma. Thirdly, because PTPRG has been shown to harbor point mutations in a subset of colon carcinomas. Fourthly, because the PTPRG gene shows promoter hypermethylation in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and melanoma. Finally, lower expression levels of PTPRG have been reported for a number of cancerous tissues including gastric cancer.
Article Bibliography
| Pubmed ID | Last Year | Title | Authors |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16778180 | 2006 | Silencing of Peroxiredoxin 2 and aberrant methylation of 33 CpG islands in putative promoter regions in human malignant melanomas. | Furuta J et al |
| 1711217 | 1991 | Receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase gamma is a candidate tumor suppressor gene at human chromosome region 3p21. | LaForgia S et al |
| 15155950 | 2004 | Mutational analysis of the tyrosine phosphatome in colorectal cancers. | Wang Z et al |
| 16338072 | 2006 | Protein tyrosine-phosphatase expression profiling in gastric cancer tissues. | Wu CW et al |
| 15897551 | 2005 | Epigenetic profiling of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: promoter hypermethylation of multiple tumor suppressor genes including BCL7a, PTPRG, and p73. | van Doorn R et al |
Other Information
Locus ID:
NCBI: 5793
MIM: 176886
HGNC: 9671
Ensembl: ENSG00000144724
Variants:
dbSNP: 5793
ClinVar: 5793
TCGA: ENSG00000144724
COSMIC: PTPRG
RNA/Proteins
| Gene ID | Transcript ID | Uniprot |
|---|---|---|
| ENSG00000144724 | ENST00000295874 | P23470 |
| ENSG00000144724 | ENST00000474889 | P23470 |
Expression (GTEx)
Protein levels (Protein atlas)
References
| Pubmed ID | Year | Title | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36988334 | 2023 | The EGFR phosphatase RPTPγ is a redox-regulated suppressor of promigratory signaling. | 3 |
| 36988334 | 2023 | The EGFR phosphatase RPTPγ is a redox-regulated suppressor of promigratory signaling. | 3 |
| 34906644 | 2022 | Description of PTPRG genetic variants identified in a cohort of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia patients and their ability to influence response to Tyrosine kinase Inhibitors. | 3 |
| 35053232 | 2022 | A Comprehensive Review of Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase Gamma (PTPRG) Role in Health and Non-Neoplastic Disease. | 9 |
| 35821297 | 2022 | Loss of RPTPγ primes breast tissue for acid extrusion, promotes malignant transformation and results in early tumour recurrence and shortened survival. | 3 |
| 36077295 | 2022 | Gene Expression Landscape of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells Overexpressing the Tumor Suppressor Gene PTPRG. | 3 |
| 34906644 | 2022 | Description of PTPRG genetic variants identified in a cohort of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia patients and their ability to influence response to Tyrosine kinase Inhibitors. | 3 |
| 35053232 | 2022 | A Comprehensive Review of Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase Gamma (PTPRG) Role in Health and Non-Neoplastic Disease. | 9 |
| 35821297 | 2022 | Loss of RPTPγ primes breast tissue for acid extrusion, promotes malignant transformation and results in early tumour recurrence and shortened survival. | 3 |
| 36077295 | 2022 | Gene Expression Landscape of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells Overexpressing the Tumor Suppressor Gene PTPRG. | 3 |
| 33893334 | 2021 | Predictive value of tyrosine phosphatase receptor gamma for the response to treatment tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. | 4 |
| 34162728 | 2021 | Activation of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type γ Suppresses Mechanisms of Adhesion and Survival in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells. | 4 |
| 33893334 | 2021 | Predictive value of tyrosine phosphatase receptor gamma for the response to treatment tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. | 4 |
| 34162728 | 2021 | Activation of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type γ Suppresses Mechanisms of Adhesion and Survival in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells. | 4 |
| 32225105 | 2020 | Regulative Loop between β-catenin and Protein Tyrosine Receptor Type γ in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. | 13 |
Citation
Cornelis P Tensen ; Remco van Doorn
PTPRG (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, G)
Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2006-12-01
Online version: http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/gene/41930/ptprg
